Title: Bone Wizardry / Mnemonics / Reproductive
Tags: bw-mnemonics repro

Acronym: Quad Screen
Title: Prenatal Screening Patterns
System: repro
Emoji: 🤰
Path: ? ↑↑↓↓
. Trisomy 21: High HCG, High Inhibin, Low Estriol, Low AFP
? ↓↓↓↓
. Trisomy 18: ALL low
? ↑
. NTD: High AFP only
? Note
. Done at 15-20 weeks
? Note
. Triple screen = no Inhibin A
? Note
. Confirm with amniocentesis

Acronym: HELLP: Hemolysis, Elevated Liver Enzymes, Low Platelets
Title: Severe Pre-eclampsia Variant
System: repro
Emoji: 🚨
Path: ? H
. 🩸 Hemolysis: microangiopathic, schistocytes
? EL
. 🧪 Elevated Liver enzymes: hepatic ischemia
? LP
. 📉 Low Platelets: consumption
? Note
. Can occur without hypertension or proteinuria
? Note
. Treatment: deliver the baby
? Note
. Magnesium for seizure prophylaxis

Acronym: Naegele: LMP + 9 months + 7 days = EDC
Title: Calculating Due Date
System: repro
Emoji: 📅
Path: ? LMP
. 📆 First day of last menstrual period
? + 9 months
. 9 Add 9 months (or subtract 3)
? + 7 days
. 7 Add 7 days = estimated due date
? Note
. Assumes 28-day cycle
? Note
. Average gestation = 280 days = 40 weeks
? Note
. US dating more accurate if > 7 day discrepancy

Acronym: Egg Arrest P.M.: Prophase I (ovary), Metaphase II (tube)
Title: Oogenesis Arrest Points
System: repro
Emoji: ⏸️
Path: ? P: Prophase I
. 🥚 Arrested in ovary from birth until ovulation
? M: Metaphase II
. 🫧 Arrested in fallopian tube until fertilization
? Note
. LH surge completes meiosis I
? Note
. Sperm penetration triggers meiosis II completion
? Note
. 80% chromosomal mutations from mother (eggs arrested decades)

Acronym: Breast Masses by Age
Title: Most common tumor by age
System: repro
Emoji: 🩸
Path: ? Under 25
. 🔬 Fibroadenoma (estrogen dependent)
? Over 25
. 🔬 Fibrocystic disease (progesterone dependent)
? Most common cancer
. 🔬 Intraductal adenocarcinoma