Asthma vs COPD
Reversible vs fixed obstruction. Eosinophils vs neutrophils, treatment ladders.
Sarcoidosis
Non-caseating granulomas, bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, elevated ACE, and the African American female predominance.
Centriacinar vs Panacinar Emphysema
Pneumonias
CAP, HAP, atypical, aspiration. Match the exposure to the bug to the antibiotic.
Lung Abscess
Aspiration, anaerobes, air-fluid level on chest film. The alcoholic with bad teeth.
PE & DVT: Virchow Triad to D-dimer & CT
ARDS
Berlin criteria, diffuse alveolar damage, and low-tidal-volume ventilation. Why PEEP recruits alveoli.
Lung Cancers
Small cell vs non-small cell. Paraneoplastic syndromes (SIADH, Lambert-Eaton, Cushing), Pancoast tumors, and screening guidelines.
Pulm Physiology Hub
Ventilation, perfusion, gas exchange, and the V/Q mismatch that explains everything.
Acid-Base + ABGs
Read the blood. pH, PaCO2, HCO3, anion gap, and the compensation rules.
Cystic Fibrosis
Tension Pneumothorax
The one-way valve, mediastinal shift, and needle decompression.